Pulverizer.



J. BOEM).

v PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. Q, 1914.. u

3573, 3p@ o Patend Mar. 2, m5.

2 snBE'rSfsHBBT 1.

vff

J. BOBRO.

PULVERIZEB.

APPLIQA'HON Hum MAB. s. 1914.

Patented M3112, 1915.

2 SHEETS-sum1* z.

mmm

@vi/imam JOSEPH BOERO, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO STEDMANS FOUNDRY & MACHINE WORKS, OF AURORA, INDANA, A CORPORATION 0F INDIANA.

YULVERIZEP..

Specitlcaton of Letters Patent.

resented iran e, rais.

je, all whom it may concern.' y

' Be it known that I, Jessen Benno, a citizen of France, and residing at 219 `West Eighty-first street, New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and improved Pulverizer, of which the following specification is a full disclosure. A

My invention relates to pulverizers, for crushing or grinding dry material, such as hai-d ores or composite material, y

An object of my invention is to provide a pulverizer with a circumferential crushing abutment surface, against which the material is impinged by a series of planetary haininers, each rotatably mounted upon swinging arms radially extended in a circumferential series from a common rotative member,

' whereby the hammers have a planetary com- Ies pound motion, rotatively about a common axis; 'about an individual axis, and oscillatory individually ecccntrically to its orbit.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pulvcriZ-cr with swinging planetary hammers pivotally mounted in an interchangeable fulcrum bearing for adjusting the saine radially toward and from a normal axis.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pulverizer with planetary circumferential hammers adapted in their rotation to impinge the material against a. circumferential surface, having a portion thereof of grid formation.

Another object of my invention is to pro-- vide a grid for a pulverizer, as comprising a series of plates arranged and unitarilyA combined in relatively spaced parallelism, presenting a circumferential area, and as a unit removably supported within the machine.

Other objects and features of my invention will be in part obvious from the illustration disclosure of the annexed d 1awings and from the following description thereof, and in such drawings like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which Figure l is a central vertical section of the pulverizer; and Fig. 2 is a. section on line 2 2, Fig. l.

The casing of the machine is-of sectional form, offering convenience in assembling and accessibility for renewal of worn or broken parts. The lower portion or base l;

' which interiorly supports the screen or grid 2, presenting a circumferential grinding surface,

toward which the rotary beaters are directed. The .preferred construction of screen or grid is as illustrated, and comprises a feature of this invention. lt is composed of a plural series of sector plates opposingly arranged upon opposite sides of a central cross 'bar support, and unitarily provide a semi-circular base grinding surface. Each sector-plate 5 of each series has a lateral extensionat-its upper end adapted to rest upon a ledge 7 xprojected from the inner surface of the sidewall of the base l. The 'opposite end of each plate has an ear extension 8 socketed within a coincidentally shaped surface or seat in the cross bar support 9 secured Aor boltedto the end walls of the base l. The plates of each series are secured together transversely by the bolts .lO'which pass through the` cxteiisions thereof, and the plates relatively.

spaced by the int vening washers ll, which provide the l pro i'iercreen-mesh. The yupper portionof the casingI terms a hopper 12 for receiving the material and. directing it toward the revolving beaters or hammers traverse over the circumferential crushing abutment surface and grid-plates within the casing. Liiiiiig} ilii.;e s 13 are ,pros vided having a circumferential surface con-A centric with the axis of they beaters within, the body 14 of the casing and in radii aline nient with the grid-surface. The 'walls of the hopper are also provided with lining plates l5 to reinforce the casing and which are readily renewable and relieve the casing of the wear the employment of the lining plates in the practice is well-known in the art.

The base 1 has its end walls provided with bracket extensions 16 projecting exteriorly beyond the casing and from opposing sides for supporting the bearing-blocks l?, 1S, for journaling and supporting the shaft i9 enn tended through the casing. A pulley 2G is fixed to one end of the shaft, while 'the opposite end projects from the bearing sufficiently to receive a fly-wheel 2l as a counter1m balance and of utility when the material fed intov the machine is very irregular in size.

22, 23 represent vbeater or hammer sup porting disks splined upon the shaft y3.9 within the casing, each having a hub entension upon each side thereof with the outer ends of each projected into the 'casing prov tecting the shaft, and provide a seal against @thereon arranged. in diametric pairs, and

rovide bearings for supporting and loosely 'Journalingta roller or cylindrical hammer 2G. Each arm 25 has a lateral stud-extension 27 ful-cr-umed'ina polygonally sided adjusting or bearing block x28, as illustrated of Octago- 4nal form, seated within a correspondingly shaped aperture in the'dislt, with its fulcruin bore eccentric to the contour of the block. This provides 'defin'ite'adjustment for the arms radially'tpwardand from the hammer or beater crushing circumferential surface, and rvprovides a self-contained lock for securelymounting the bloclc upon the disk. 'The free end of each stud is screw-threaded for engaging the nut and washer, to clamp the adjusting block and 'arm against lateral displacement.

[From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the hammers. or beaters'have Ian'oscillating actioniupon the rapidly re- `'volving ydisk, eccentricrto their normal axis and by centrifugal forceware directed radiall-yfto a diametric line olA said disks The impalct ofthe hammer blow upon the mate- -rii'deposi-ted against the rerward wall a initially crushes the material so'thalt, the

` f-hesnierparticles are reduced beforevthe m'aterial is advanced by the beaters ji-"hammers etof'receivean attrition'action by the impingeofthe material between' the hammers andcircumferential wall of the casingf The hammers lliieing-pivotally mounted are by centrifugal force normally directed toward a diametri'c line with the axis of rotation, to reduce the material in the hopper by per-f cussive force, with the hammers yielding to `theimpaet, and escape the larger particles and subject the same to successive percussive action. From the4 hopper the material is carried by the hammers to be further treated by attrition and percussion in the imy pingement of the material between the hammers and'circumferential grinding 'abutnient surface. The material 1s subjected to further crushing or pulverlzing actions by the planetary disposition of the hammers,

'whereby the hammers in the nature of rollers are free to revolve, producing a compound action upon the material, that of crushing and grinding, more rapidly diem-- tegrating the material, decreasing' the yielding tendency of the hammers, and also increasing the attrition area 4to that of the circumference of each roll. The provision of planetary hammers is also quite a factor toward increasing their life, for the hammers circumferentiallv present a large area con- 's't'i'tntly mobile whereby the wear is not confined to any one point or position. The defi-- nite radial adjustment of the fulcrum of the wear, and a regulation for dilferen grindings, with a further advantage of providing' renewable fulcrum bearings, reducing main- Ytenance cost.`

. Byway offurther elaboration, it may be recognized that the machine evolves a new process of puiverization by reason of its mechanical construction. The hammers or beaters during a portion of their cycle lose` `their identity as such and appropriately may be defined as planetary rollersj' Each roller is longitudinally coextensive approxi; mately of the encompassing grinding` surface coaXially, with an intervening clearance be'- tween the roller-supporting arms 25, roller and main shaft, so thatthe rotor as a unit.

is largely dispossessed of-con'veyercharacteristics, exceptin' so far as is due to its high centrifugal velocity. This enables the material Within the concave or partially circumferential grinding surface to be p rogressively distributed from one roller to another. The material is therefore subjected to the action of amultiplicityof planetary grinding or abrasion surfaces.

The high velocity of the rotor centrifugally projects the arms and rollers radially,

each in a diametric .linewith the main axis,

and at a degree of pressure greater than any sustaining weight of material Within the transitory trough formed by the concave and a roller. Each roller in its cycle within the concave is mobile, producing a compound grinding action, and yields or swings to any impact occasioned by an obstructing deposit of material in the trough. As each roller advances in its cycle to the open gap inthe concave at the hopper, it serves as means to forcibly project the material against or toward the `vertical wall or abutment a, which extends in a plane coincident with and'interveningly between parallel tangent and diametriclines of the concave, or coincident With a chord line of the concave, against which the material is initially crushed by percussion.

.Each hammer or roller iscoextensive of the 'grindingv surface longitudinally, wh-iclrpnoduces a hammer of increased weight, which also is vquite-a factor in the pulverizer.

Itis obvious and comprehended within the scope of this invention that the hammers or beaters may have a roughened circumferential surface, instead of the smooth type disclosed in the drawings, in fact, their contour may be variously shaped to enhance their utility in pulverizing or reducing differentkind and quality of material. Thel precept herein having primary reference to the broadest'aspect of the invention, that of providing planetary hammers. with their configuration optional. Each unitary series of said plates is shown as abutting a claim as new and desire to secure by Letters l. Avmachine of the class described, comprising in combination an annular casing providing a circumferential crushing abutment surface, a rotary member having a pair of radial extensions, and a Crusher independently rotatably mounted between the ends of said extensions, longitudinally approximately coextensive of said crushing surface and in a plane parallel therewith.

2. A machine of the nature described,

' combining a casing interiorly having a partly circumferential grinding surfaceand an abutment surface extended from one end of said circumferential surface coincident with a chord line thereof to provide a crusher shoulder at the juncture of said'surfaces, a rotary member having a series of swinging radial arms arranged in pairs oppositely, a hammer independently rotatively mounted between the endsof each pair of radial arms longitudinally approximately coextensive of said grinding'surface and in a plane parallel therewith.

3. A machine Vof the nature described, combining a casing interiorly having `a. partly circumferential grinding'surface, and an abutment surface extended from one end; of said circumferential surface coincidentV 'with a chord line thereof to provide' a crusher shoulder at the juncture of said surfaces, andl a series of swinging planetary revoluble about a common axis, each axially approximately coextensive of said surface hammers within said circumferential surface and independently rotative about its own axis.

In witnesswhereo, I hereunto subscribe my name, as attested by the two subscribing witnesses.

Josera diano. Witnesses OLIVER E. KAISER, Loman A. BECK. 

